VILLAGE GOLDEN CROWN
History:

Cistercian monastery "Holy crown of thorns" (Sancta Spinea corona) was founded in 1263 Ottokar II. to strengthen the royal power in the South Čech.Díky numerous endowment and colonization efforts of the monks of the monastery grew with farms during the 14th century. to enormous proportions and to intervene as a golden path to Volarsko. The monastery was one of the largest holders of feudal land and abundant revenue from dozens of farmsteads and villages allowed monks spectacular construction convent church and the monastery komplexu.Bohatství caused the monastery began to use the name Golden Crown.
In 1420 it was conquered by the Hussites Order House and its assets under the pretext of protection taken by the Rosenbergs. The monastery has lost the economic base and its importance for a long time with him extensively poklesl.Rožmberkové loaded as its own property and Petr Vok of Rosenberg him together with Český Krumlov estate sold to Emperor Rudolph II.
At the beginning of the 17th century. monastery was revived clamor of construction, but hope to improve the overall condition was only přechodná.Po White Mountain, Gold Crown came into possession Eggenberg and from 1719 belonged Schwarzenberkům.Až during the 18th century. the position of the monastery again strengthened and Bohumíra Bylanský was radical structural modifications around konventu.Roku 1785 of Zlatá Koruna monastery as useless by order of Emperor Joseph canceled.
In 1787, the monastery gained canceled again Schwarzenberg and the building was established School of Forestry and later military bělidlo.Od year 1801 it produced cotton cloth, and then there was established a foundry and strojírna.Když in 1908 production ceased to move forward with a smaller repairs which lasted intermittently until the early fifties.
Communist era did not want religious monuments and the monastery fell into disrepair until the late seventies 20.stol.V 1995 Zlatá Koruna monastery was declared a national monument and is now administered by the National Heritage Institute, under whose auspices the current ongoing restoration work and new interior installation so that was honored in a dignified way link Cistercian monks and monastic house builders in the Golden Crown. The outer parts of the monastery became a village in 1785, then in 1848 a separate obec.Od of 2005 is an historic part of the village declared a village zone. (Č.19304 from 1.1.2005)





Historical evolution Golden Crown

It is certainly well known that the historical part of the village have formed in the late 18th integral part of the century the monastery grounds. Still, I would like to take to clarify the relationship between today's village and monastery a little trip into the history of this picturesque place in the crook of the Vltava River, which offers romantic relaxing nooks and many architectural and historical treasures.
Until the mid-13th century there was no settlement. It was only in 1263 that King Ottokar II. founded the monastery of the Cistercian order, the habitat requirements of this full suit: it is in the valley near the river, off the main roads, the mountain Kletí, from whose slopes monks in the monastery had fought creek and called him Jordánek. On the geographic characteristics down through the ages nothing substantial has changed. Closed space surrounded from three sides Vltavou still determines the method of construction. In the Middle Ages, for example, caused the rotation axis of the monastery church of almost 90 º to the north and after the monastery in 1785 did not allow for a greater increase in new buildings. Meadows in the vicinity of the river used to be at a higher water level flooded and therefore there will never build. Steep slopes on the right side of the river were not suitable for development, and so are unaffected. The only exception is a former observatory of 2 18th century and loneliness U Janecek.
Rich Royal Foundation enabled the Cistercians during the 13th and 14 to build the entire century monastic precinct, whose appearance is still readable not only preserved buildings, but also in layout space warp. Internal seclusion, almost exclusively inhabited by monks, formed the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary with adjacent cloister, little convent chapel of the Guardian Angels, the abbey and gardens. In the vicinity after the Hussite wars arose monastic farmstead.
Southeast of the convent buildings decayed forecourt, where the concentration of economic and craft facilities, legally and economically completely dependent on the monastery. This was demonstrated for example by the fact that houses belonged to its residents, but the Abbey.
When entering the forecourt was in the 14th century built next to the main gate (laid on in the early 60s of the 20th century) chapel. Margaret for laymen who were in the monastery grounds only very limited access. The chapel was in the Baroque cemetery, canceled with a chapel and convent in 1785. The new cemetery, founded in 1787 above the chapel, still draws attention to themselves massive retaining wall.
At the gate stood gatehouse, where he was guarding the entrance to the monastery experienced older monk who also distributed alms to the poor. Led from the gate toward the inner cloister communication backbone of seat. After the two sides were in the garden, hop and other utility areas, which in the 18th century belonged as bleach based Bylanským last abbot. (Today the same location Sokol, restaurant and playground.) In addition to the gardens there were several subjects monastery houses and farm buildings (such as forge, granary, šenkovné, gardener's house, cottage pine teacher Anthony No. 9, malt house - it was the 18th century. called in hospice No. 5, a mill, a sawmill, etc.).
Individual parts of the complex were separated surrounded by walls, but not primarily defensive. At least some parts of the wall can be assumed medieval origin, which arises from the need and obligation to protest religious order where monks lived klauzurovaní.
The village is in the forecourt began to develop after the end of the religious life of the Emperor Joseph II. 1785, when Johann Adolf of Schwarzenberg bought (1787) the entire monastic complex. However, this does not concern the inhabitants of houses that they could just donate before canceling the monastery abbot Bylanský. The new owner of the former monastic buildings leased to various factory owners, and yet sparse forecourt area began to fill up these factories workers houses and other objects.
Even somewhat awkward fate after the Josephine reforms that allowed here foray insensitive factory operation, delete the old character of the Golden Crown. A distinctive architectural focus of the village are still inside the monastery buildings and landmarks of the former forecourt remains a medieval church. Margaret, the hospice building, granary and lot sloping down to the Vltava River mill building is unmistakable.
The remoteness of the place and the space constraint retain the original urbanism and many relics of the monastery, where he is very distracting every modern intervention that does not respect the character of the old building. The uniqueness of a small office in the municipality mostly realized in the last half century, as well as reveal quite friendly development plans. The walls of the Golden Crown and still resonates period of prosperity for the last abbot Bylanský that captures vista exposed to the tour the local monastery and still unique model illustrated Golden Crown in the former rectory, which created a community for family visitors Mgr. Henry Špinar. Mgr. Jarmila Hans

/ Note - Mgr. Jarmila Hans is an employee of the National Monument Institute in Czech Budejovice and in his spare time, he deals with the history of the village Golden Koruna.Po mutual agreement prepared this post that outlines the historical development of the lower part of the Golden Crown. /







Tales and legends:

1) Czech King Ottokar II. thought in 1259 establishing the Cistercian Monastery Golden Crown, to carry out its intent, however, came in the 1263rd The parent chose Austrian Heiligenkreuz monastery, which wanted to strengthen the links between Czech and former babenberskými countries. Největší.Přemyslova religious foundation, however, especially as the backbone of his power against rozpínavému Vítkovci South Bohemian family, which also corresponded to a royal monastery gift extensive grounds. Along with other foundations (especially since Bavor of Strakonice) represented the Golden Crown before the Hussite wars, one of the largest spiritual domination of the country. Its possession included 150 villages, of which more than 100 monks founded, 20 yards and town Netolice.

2) Zlatá Koruna abbot learned that Wilhelm von Rosenberg, whom the monastery on his family's estates was an eyesore, convinced the Emperor that the monastery Golden crown is almost abandoned and useless. On the way he was imperial officer to investigate the situation. Before his arrival, the abbot summoned all the monks of the neighborhood, their subjects from the surrounding villages and family and put them in monk's robes. Sitting is big Latin books, and ordered that no one was allowed to speak, to reveal their ignorance. Imperial officer saw everywhere groups of monks reading Latin books, but none of them dared to ask for anything to hide his own ignorance. The report, which gave to the emperor's life at the monastery, was probably positive because Zlata Koruna monastery was spared and Rosenberg's efforts were in vain.

3) For a mature lime tree in the monastery courtyard govern reputation, which explains their appearance kápovitou some sheets that it is in remembrance of the monks, hanged there by the Hussites in the 15th century. Kápovité leaves are arising more frequently and at Lipách reason conjoined leaf stalks, which then forms a sort of cone tree is actually a disease, flu. Those events does not match the old lime tree, which was planted about 200 years ago.

4) According to the chroniclers Baroque monastery founded by Ottokar II. Golden Crown to thank God that allowed him to win in 1260 at the Battle of Kressenbrunn over the stronger Hungarian king Bela IV. Although correspond with this version some sketchy reports from contemporary and later sources, it was not the main reason foundation.

The name Golden Crown
Ottokar II. donated the monastery, which he founded, the alleged thorn from Christ's crown, which was given to him by the French king Louis IX. Ghost. On Přemysl wish the monastery was named after this relic Holy Crown of Thorns (Sancta Corona Spinea). It is shown that in the early 14th century the name was changed to the Golden Crown, probably in connection with the great wealth of the monastery. The popular name was also given to the village was founded near the monastery which he himself was still using its original name.

Present:

Village Gold Crown on January 31, 2007 has 714 inhabitants and includes three cadastral territory with a total area of 912 ha.Zlatá Koruna (205 ha), Plešovice (392 ha) and Rájov (315 ha).
The village has its own registry úřad.Pověřený building and the tax office is located in the Czech Krumlově.Obcí with extended powers Czech Krumlov.
The village is one of the most visited places in the South Bohemian Region.
The tourism prevails canoeing and hiking as well as biking, hiking, and visitors attractions and cultural events in the village.



Nature:

Golden Crown and Plešovice are incorporated into the Blanský forest at the foot of visitors Kleť.Na receptive Golden Crown still has its genius loci.Umocňuje him and quite unspoilt and beautiful landscape intersected net flow through the valley of the Vltava River, which surrounds the village on three sides . Canyon river is within the Natura 2000 included in the list of sites of Community importance. (CZ0314124 Blanský forest)